加工メーカーが扱う金属材料が一般的にあります。 今回は、機械や金型加工によく使われる24の材料を紹介します。 材料はすべて理解されており、ナイフを合わせるのは簡単です。

1、45-高品質の炭素構造用鋼は、最も一般的に使用されている中型および強化鋼です

主な特徴：最も一般的に使用されている中炭素焼入れ焼戻し鋼は、優れた包括的な機械的特性、低い焼入れ性、および水焼入れ中に容易に割れることがあります。 小さな部品は焼入れ焼戻しし、大きな部品は正規化する必要があります。 応用例：主にタービンインペラやコンプレッサーピストンなどの高強度可動部品の製造に使用されます。 シャフト、ギア、ラック、ワームなど。溶接部品は、溶接前に予熱し、溶接後に応力除去焼鈍を行う必要があります。

2. Q235A（A3鋼）-最も一般的に使用される炭素構造用鋼

Main features: High plasticity, toughness and welding performance, cold stamping performance, as well as certain strength and good cold bending performance. Application examples: Widely used for parts and welding structures with general requirements. Such as low tension rods, connecting rods, pins, shafts, screws, nuts, ferrules, brackets, bases, building structures, bridges, etc.

3. 40Cr-one of the most widely used steel types, which is an alloy structural steel

Main features: After quenching and tempering, it has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low temperature impact toughness and low notch sensitivity, good hardenability, high fatigue strength when oil-cooled, and parts with complex shapes when water-cooled. Generate cracks, moderate cold bend plasticity, good machinability after tempering or tempering, but poor weldability, easy to crack, preheat to 100 ～ 150 ℃ before welding. Generally, it can be used in the quenched and tempered state. Carburizing and high frequency surface hardening. Application example: After quenching and tempering, it is used to manufacture medium-speed and medium-load parts, such as machine tool gears, shafts, worms, spline shafts, thimble sleeves, etc., after quenching and tempering and high-frequency surface hardening, it is used to produce high-hardness and resistance to surface. Grinding parts, such as gears, shafts, main shafts, crankshafts, mandrels, sleeves, pins, connecting rods, screws and nuts, intake valves, etc., are used to produce heavy-duty, medium-speed impact after quenching and tempering at moderate temperatures Parts, such as oil pump rotors, sliders, gears, main shafts, collars, etc., are used to manufacture heavy-duty, low-impact, wear-resistant parts such as worms, spindles, shafts, collars, etc. after quenching and low temperature tempering. Carbon After the nitriding, the transmission parts, such as shafts and gears, with larger size and higher low temperature impact toughness are manufactured later.

4, HT150-gray cast iron

Application examples: gear box, machine bed, box, hydraulic cylinder, pump body, valve body, flywheel, cylinder head, pulley, bearing cover, etc.

5, 35-common materials for various standard parts and fasteners

Main features: Appropriate strength, good plasticity, high cold plasticity, and good weldability. It can be partially upset and brushed in cold state. Low hardenability, use after normalizing or quenching and tempering Application examples: Suitable for manufacturing small cross-section parts, parts that can withstand large loads: such as crankshafts, levers, connecting rods, shackles, etc., various standard parts, fasteners .

6, 65Mn-commonly used spring steel

Application examples: small flat and round springs, cushion springs, springs, spring rings, valve springs, clutch springs, brake springs, cold-rolled coil springs, snap springs, etc.

7, 0Cr18Ni9-the most commonly used stainless steel (US steel number 304, Japanese steel number SUS304)

Characteristics and applications: It is the most widely used as stainless heat-resistant steel, such as food equipment, general chemical equipment, and original industrial equipment.

8. Cr12——Commonly used cold work die steel (American steel grade D3, Japanese steel grade SKD1)

Features and applications: Cr12 steel is a widely used cold work die steel, which is a high carbon and high chromium type bainite steel. The steel has good hardenability and good wear resistance. Because the carbon content of Cr12 steel is as high as 2.3%, the impact toughness is poor, it is easy to brittle, and it is easy to form non-uniform eutectic carbide. It has good abrasion resistance, and is mostly used to manufacture cold punches, punches, blanking dies, cold heading dies, cold extrusion dies and cold dies, drill sleeves, and gauges that require high wear resistance with less impact load , Drawing die, embossing die, wire drawing board, drawing die and cold pressing die for powder metallurgy.

9, DC53-commonly used cold-work die steel imported from Japan

Features and applications: High-strength and toughness cold-working die steel, Japan Datong Special Steel Co., Ltd. steel grade. After high temperature tempering, it has high hardness, high toughness, and good wire cutting. Used for precision cold stamping die, drawing die, wire rolling die, cold punching die, punch, etc. 10, SM45-ordinary carbon plastic mold steel (Japanese steel number S45C)

10.DCCr12MoV-wear-resistant chrome steel

中国製。 Cr12鋼に比べて炭素含有量が少なく、MoとVが添加されています。 超硬ムラが改善されます。 MOは、炭化物の偏析を減らし、焼入れ性を向上させることができます。 Vは粒子を微細化し、靭性を高めることができます。 この鋼は、高い焼入れ性、400mm未満の断面積を完全に硬化でき、良好な硬度と耐摩耗性を300〜400℃に維持でき、Cr12よりも高い靭性、焼入れ時の体積変化が小さく、高い耐摩耗性と優れた総合的な機械的特性を備えています。 。 そのため、通常のドローイングダイ、パンチングコンケーブダイス、パンチングダイス、ブランキングダイス、カッティングダイス、パイピングダイス、ワイヤードローイングダイス、冷間押出ダイスなど、大きな断面、複雑な形状、大きな衝撃に耐えるさまざまな金型を製造できます。冷間切断はさみ、円形のこぎり、標準ツール、測定ツールなど。

11.SKD11-延性クロム鋼

日本日立生産。 鋼の鋳造構造を技術的に改善し、結晶粒を微細化します。 Cr12movと比較して、靭性と耐摩耗性が向上しています。 金型の耐用年数が延長されました。

12、D2-高炭素高クロム冷間加工鋼

アメリカ製。 焼入れ性、焼入れ性、耐摩耗性、高温耐酸化性、焼入れ・研磨後の防錆性に優れ、熱処理変形が少ない。 高精度・長寿命を必要とする各種冷間加工金型の製造に適しています。 引張ダイ、冷間押出ダイ、冷間せん断ナイフなどのツールおよび測定ツール。

13.SKD11（SLD）-非変形性で丈夫な高クロム鋼

Japan Hitachi production. As the content of MO and V in steel increases, the cast structure in steel is improved, the grains are refined, and the morphology of carbides is improved, so the steel's strong toughness (bend strength, deflection, impact toughness) Etc.) Higher than SKD1, D2, wear resistance has also increased, and has higher tempering resistance. Practice has proven that the life of this steel mold has been improved compared to Cr12mov. Often manufacturing molds with high requirements, such as tensile molds, impact Moulds for grinding wheels.

14, DC53-high toughness and high chromium steel

日本大同生産。 熱処理硬度はSKD11より高いです。 高温（520-530）焼戻し後、62-63HRCの高硬度に達することができ、DC53は強度と耐摩耗性においてSKD11を上回ります。 靭性はSKD11の2倍です。 冷間加工金型製造では、クラックやクラックはほとんどありません。 耐用年数が大幅に向上します。 残留応力は小さいです。 高温で戻すことにより、残留応力が減少します。 断線後のひび割れや変形が抑えられるため。 被削性と研磨性はSKD11を超えています。 精密スタンピングダイ、冷間鍛造、深絞りダイなどに。

15.SKH-9-耐摩耗性と靭性が高い一般的な高速度鋼

日本日立生産。 冷間鍛造金型、スリッター、ドリル、リーマー、パンチなどに使用されます。

16.ASP-23——粉末冶金高速度鋼

Made in Sweden. Extremely uniform carbide distribution, wear resistance, high toughness, easy processing, stable heat treatment size. Used for various long-life cutting tools such as punches, deep drawing dies, drilling dies, milling cutters and shear blades .

17.P20——Generally required size plastic mold

Produced in the United States. Corrosive operation. Pre-hardened HB270-300. Hardened hardness HRC52.

18, 718-high-demand size plastic mold

Made in Sweden. Especially for electro-erosion operation. Pre-hardened HB290-330 in factory state. Hardened hardness HRC52

19.Nak80-high mirror, high precision plastic mold

Produced by Datong in Japan. Pre-hardened HB370-400. Hardened hardness HRC52

20, S136-anti-corrosion and mirror-polished plastic mold

Made in Sweden. Pre-hardened HB <215. Hardened hardness HRC52.

21, H13-common commonly used die casting mold

For aluminum, zinc, magnesium and alloy die casting. Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die,

22.SKD61-advanced die casting mold

Produced by Hitachi, Japan, the electro-hydraulic remelting technology has a significant improvement in service life over H13. Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die,

23, 8407-advanced die casting mold

Made in Sweden. Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die.

24.FDAC-Added sulfur to enhance its machinability

The factory pre-hardened hardness is 338-42HRC, which can be directly engraved without quenching and tempering. It is used for small batch molds, simple molds, various resin products, sliding parts, mold parts with short lead times. Zipper molds, Glasses frame mould