Metallschalenverarbeitung: Typ und Herstellungseigenschaften

Mit dem Material verbundene Probleme:

• Über die Materialien, aus denen das Metallgehäuse hergestellt wurde
• Art der Blechschale
• Herstellungstechnologie der Blechschale
• In Bezug auf Ergonomie und Kühlung von Blechgehäusen

Die Metallhüllenverarbeitung wird verwendet, um moderne Computer oder genauer Systemeinheiten herzustellen. Jede Systemeinheit enthält eine Vielzahl von Elementen, die für den Betrieb des gesamten PCs verantwortlich sind. Dazu gehören Netzteile, Motherboards, optische Laufwerke, Festplatten usw.

There are many types of sheet metal boxes, which are manufactured according to their technology. In addition, it is important to provide cooling and ergonomics in the equipment. The type of metal made into the case plays an important role. Generally, there are many nuances in the process of manufacturing computer equipment. If you want your computer to work normally for a long time, you should understand them.

Materials used to make metal casings

Bei der Herstellung von Metallgehäusen für die Computertechnologie sind Materialien mit bestimmten Eigenschaften erforderlich, was die Auswahl erschwert. Sie müssen den erforderlichen Schutz für Computerkomponenten vor Vibrationen und mechanischen Einflüssen bieten. Gleichzeitig sollten sie zur schnellen Abkühlung wärmeerzeugender Komponenten während des Anlagenbetriebs beitragen. Daher wird Aluminium üblicherweise für die Herstellung hochwertiger Gehäuse ausgewählt.

Der Grund liegt in den Eigenschaften des Metalls. Es hat die beste Wärmeableitung und Wärmeableitungskapazität. Kupfer hat die gleiche Qualität, aber Aluminium ist leichter und billiger. Die Metallschalen von Platten aus SECC (Spezialstahl), die mit galvanischen Verzinkungslösungen beschichtet sind, sind jedoch weiter verbreitet. Sie werden im Mittelpreissegment der Computertechnologie eingesetzt.

Recently, aluminum has become the most commonly used housing material due to its value. The structural properties of aluminum and its appearance provide designers with huge opportunities

Art der Blechschale
Mass production requires strict manufacturing standards for various types of products. This applies to almost all industrial fields, and computer technology manufacturing is no exception. Compliance with the standard not only allows you to be confident in the strict parameters of the components used, but also allows you to assemble equipment from components designed and produced by a large number of suppliers.

The conditions for further use constitute the standard size of the product. For ease of use, the housing has certain characteristics. There is still no perfect standard. 25 standard sizes are now used. These are not only metal shells for mass production, but also single shells designed to solve special problems. The latter is specifically needed by narrow experts. Most people's interests extend to the former, and we will consider them in the future.

1. Single piece.

It is a single unit of PC system equipment, monitors, speakers and other components. Except for the system unit, the latter is usually an external device, but not in this case. The size of the product is not standardized and only meets the manufacturer's standards.

Monolith

The most famous is Apple devices. These monolithic "Macs" are still one of the most reliable and beautiful products on the market.

The advantage of this situation is its compactness, that is, the smallest space occupied by the entire device. However, this is also its disadvantage. Such equipment is difficult to upgrade. Due to the lack of space inside the shell, it is impossible to change the packaging, make improvements, and install more powerful components.

Aus diesem Grund ist das gesamte Haus nicht für den Familiengebrauch geeignet, wenn der Eigentümer kein Upgrade plant. Daher werden sie häufig in der Produktion eingesetzt. Das Gehäuse ist in der Regel rechteckig und aus Metall gefertigt. Sie sind mit elektronischen Bauteilen ausgestattet, und Anschlüsse und verschiedene Anzeigen befinden sich auf der Vorder- und Rückseite des Gehäuses. Sie werden in 19 Racks übereinander installiert. In diesem Fall wird die Rückwand des oberen Gehäuses zur oberen Wand des unteren Gehäuses. Jetzt ist diese Komponente zur Hauptkomponente für die Installation von Telekommunikationsgeräten und -servern geworden.

Siehe auch: Prinzipien des Laserschneidens: Verwendete Techniken und Geräte

Der Gesamtblock ist der Designer, mit dem der Computer erstellt wurde. In diesem Fall ist die Komponente bereits darin installiert. Der Besitzer eines solchen Geräts kann einfach den RAM, den Prozessor oder die Festplatte darin ersetzen. Zum Beispiel ist es fast unmöglich, das Motherboard auszutauschen. In jedem Fall wird dies ernsthafte Schwierigkeiten verursachen.

Wenn der Eigentümer plant, es in ein paar Jahren durch ein moderneres Bonbon zu ersetzen, kann er einen Schokoriegel für zu Hause kaufen, da ein Upgrade schwierig ist. Für Unternehmen sind monolithische Blöcke jedoch praktisch, da sie die schnelle Erstellung mehrerer mit Computern ausgestatteter Arbeitsplätze ermöglichen.

2. AT und Slim.

At the end of the last century, at the beginning of the computer era, PC cases were manufactured according to AT standards. Today, this is a thing of the past, and the ATX standard is now used. But on this basis, they created samples for Slim and Ultraslim. These are ultra-thin and ultra-thin shells. Their main purpose is to look stylish. Otherwise, they will not be very convenient because installing serious fillers in them will not work-the space is too small.

AT and Slim

This shell standard is very popular in Western countries, but not in Russia. The space saved by the manufacturer has attracted Western buyers. After all, you can put the computer system components on the table and the monitor on top of it.

Some of the most commonly used types of horizontal metal PC cases are:

Desktop computer (desktop computer) with a size of 533x419x152 mm;
Footprint (floor) 408x406x152 mm;
SlimLine (thin type), the size is 406x406x101 mm;
UltraSlimLine (ultra-thin) 381x352x75 mm.
3. The vertical (tower) metal casing of the notebook computer.

A computer case placed vertically in space is called a "tower" or tower. Experts believe that in this case, in order to quickly cool the PC, the components should be placed as easily as possible.

Vertical (tower) metal computer case

In this case, consumers will find the most convenient option for themselves. It may be the case of modern servers, or only for devices with typewriter capabilities.

Consider the most popular ATX vertical chassis in Russia:

They are also called "full towers". The size in this case is 200x600x1000 mm. There are 5.25" and 3.5" bays inside, the first of which is used to accommodate optical drives (4-9 can be), and the second is for hard drives (6-12). In addition, seven expansion cards can be placed in the tower. This is the sound card, receiver, etc.
In addition to the above, in this case, you can also place an ATX motherboard (standard size) so that you can assemble a server or a high-performance gaming computer. There will be enough space to accommodate various other equipment.

BigTower or "Big Tower". The size in this case is 190x482x820 mm. In addition to full towers, they can also provide full-size ATX motherboards, but there is nowhere to install other equipment. In this case, it can also be used to create a game computer.
These are the most famous and commonly used standard hulls in our country-the "middle tower". Their dimensions are 183x432x490 mm. This kind of case can accommodate power supply equipment, ATX board. RAM (2 slots) and hard drives (several) can be built-in. This is the most versatile case because it can be used to assemble office computers or powerful gaming PCs, or you can make a media center for your own home.
The size of this "tower" is 178x432x432 mm. The chassis is very small and can be assembled into a home computer or home theater. Such a body takes up very little space.
MicroTower is the smallest vertical metal enclosure. The size of this baby is even smaller. It is suitable for low-power devices with motherboards with built-in peripherals.
Manufacturing technology of sheet metal shell
Let us consider the various methods used to manufacture metal casings used to manufacture electronic devices.

Kaltplattenprägen.
Das Gehäuse der elektronischen Geräte (CEA) wird durch Kaltprägen von Blechen hergestellt. Obwohl diese Methode seit langem angewendet wird, hat sie ihre Relevanz nicht verloren. Das Wesentliche ist die Verwendung spezieller Briefmarken. Es wird zur Herstellung von Massenprodukten und zum Beginn der Massenproduktion verwendet. Die Rolle der Form besteht darin, verschiedene Körperteile zu bilden. Für kleine Chargen und einzelne Produkte ist diese Technik aufgrund der hohen Kosten für die Herstellung von Briefmarken unpraktisch.

Blechbearbeitung.
Darüber hinaus werden in vielen Fällen die Gehäuse elektronischer Geräte durch Blechbearbeitungsverfahren hergestellt. Diese Technologie wird zur Herstellung kleiner Produktchargen verwendet. Zum Beispiel wählte der Entwickler ein bestimmtes Metallgehäusedesign. Dann muss er entscheiden, wie es geht: eine separate Entwicklung basierend auf bestimmten Anforderungen in Auftrag geben oder ein vorgefertigtes Modell verwenden, um einige Anpassungen für sich selbst vorzunehmen.

Choose the method of manufacturing the shell according to the batch size. When planning a large number of instruments, individual design and use of cold stamping methods in manufacturing should be considered. In the production of small and medium batches, it is worth using ready-made solutions. At the same time, the sheet metal processing of the material will help make necessary changes to the design during the production process, after which the product will completely correspond to the manufactured equipment.

Use CNC machine tools.
The housing of electronic equipment can also be produced on CNC machines (computer numerical control). This is a fairly popular method. With its help, small batches of cases and single copies can be made. It should be noted that the cost of such products is very low. It is believed that with this output, the use of CNC equipment is economically feasible. These machines are compact and do not require a large footprint, which makes manufacturing products cheap.

Moreover, the use of CNC equipment can reduce the number of experts working for it. This means that the human factor in production is reduced, so that the product is of high quality, but the defects are actually eliminated. These advantages make it possible to use the device not only in small-scale housing production, but also in the manufacture of large-volume products.

Ergonomics and sheet metal housing cooling
Earlier, we mentioned one of the main functions of a computer case-to dissipate heat from the heating element of the system unit. The increase in the number of fans cannot prevent overheating due to the specific cooling of PC components. The best results can be achieved by placing the fan correctly and thus organizing the movement of air inside the device.

There is no need to evaluate the ventilation system installed on the PC by the number of coolers. With their help, heat is dissipated from the heating element. If the cooling system is not installed correctly, the hot air currents will collide with obstacles or each other, making it impossible to cool the equipment.

Below is a photo of a relatively reasonably constructed ventilation scheme for a metal computer case. After careful inspection, you will find one or several low-speed coolers (at the input) installed in the case. They suck cool indoor air into the system unit. A smaller and more powerful fan is placed behind (at the outlet) to blow out the heated air. This circuit allows you to generate thrust. Therefore, the metal body is a cooling turbine, in which cold air enters the heating element, they are cooled, and then the system guides the heated air to the outside.

See also: bent aluminum tube

The proposed solution can also be supplemented with coolers located near the side walls and the top wall. They must blow out the air.

Therefore, in order to create a system that properly cools the metal PC case components, you should remember:

More fans does not mean better heat dissipation.
The movement of air in one direction must be organized, not divided into air streams.
From the school curriculum, you can know that warm air will always rise, while cold air will fall, so you should not place vertical system units horizontally.
Loose cables inside the device will hinder air circulation.
A fan with large blades and low speed will increase air flow.
The amount of air that the fan can blow into the chassis in one minute must be carefully considered.
Ergonomics and sheet metal housing cooling

This parameter is called CFM-cubic feet per minute. It must be ensured that the air in the enclosure circulates continuously. To calculate which fan can provide this function, you should:

Calculate the area of ​​the case. To do this, multiply its length by its width and height.
Calculate the CFM of the cooler.
For example, the volume of a 253x502x563mm box is 2.52 cubic feet. The air in the box should be changed every 2 seconds, so a 70 CFM cooler is required. Sometimes, you will find a PC with vents that cool the processor in the form of a tube on the side of the case. They are of little benefit, but they are more harmful because they create obstacles to the natural flow of air. They should be removed and fixed in the wire casing.

Dust filters (such as ducts) also cannot help the fan to cool the components of the computer. Within 2-3 months from the date of installation, they will soon be clogged with indoor dust, so their performance is very low. In addition, the mesh clogged with dust can interfere with the movement of the air, causing the device to overheat. Therefore, the productivity of this equipment is low.

The screws that used to support all PC components have gradually become history. During the computer assembly/disassembly process, a large number of screws are inconvenient to use. Everyone who has analyzed a system analyzer knows this.

This is the reason why manufacturers have long used plastic buttons and "bases" for hard drives to complete computer technology.

In addition, clamps, plugs, additional fasteners, etc. are used, which makes the box more convenient. The ergonomic chassis helps you replace components and upgrade your computer internally and externally.

It is worth paying close attention to the cables located inside the chassis. The efficiency of cooling systems depends on their location. However, we must not forget the convenience of connecting new devices and devices.

Why contact us
We respect all customers and strictly execute tasks of any scale.

Our production facilities enable us to process various materials:

Non-ferrous metals;
cast iron;
stainless steel.
When completing the order, our experts will use all known metal processing methods. The latest generation of modern equipment can conform to the original drawings to the greatest extent.

In order to make the workpiece closer to the sketch proposed by the customer, our experts use universal equipment designed for jewellery polishing tools for particularly complex operations. In our production workshop, metal becomes a malleable material, which can be used to manufacture any workpiece.

The advantage of contacting our experts is that they meet GOST and all technical standards. In each stage of work, strict quality control is carried out, so we guarantee to provide customers with carefully implemented products.

Thanks to the experience of our craftsmen, the output is a model product that meets the most demanding requirements. At the same time, we start from a strong material foundation and focus on the development of innovative technologies.

We cooperate with customers in various regions. If you want to place an order for metal processing, our manager is always ready to listen to all situations. If necessary, we can provide customers with free professional consultation.